Internal-combustion engine



Jan.. 3L 1928. 1657,490

R. WARE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Sept. 19p 1924 31415011101, jaymmd damp Patented Jan. 31, 1928.

RAYMOND WARE, 0F ITHACA, NEW YORK.

INTEBNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application mea september 1e, 19114. semi No. 133,022.

This invention relates to the cylinders of internal combustion engmes, using sleeve valves, and more particularly to single sleevev valve engines of the type disclosed in my prior Patents Nos. 1,101,468, of August 18, 1914, and 1,453,815, of May 1, 1923.

In these engines, the valve has but one port and receives a relatively slight reciprocatory motion in addition to its rotary motion, one complete rotation, coincident with one complete reciprocaton, corresponding with one complete cycle, that is, two rotations of the crank shaft.

The improvement, which constitutes the present invention, is directed to the head of a. cylinder of such an engine` and consists in cutting away the end of thc skirt 'of the head, which extends into the end of the sleeve valve, on the side adjacent to the inlet and exhaust ports in the cylinder wall, so as to uncover said ports and permit them to be located nearer the end of the cylinder. The head is concaved on its inner side in substantially hemispherical form to constitute the combustion chamber in which turbulence of the explosive mixture takes place, as will be further explained. The central plane of revolution of the crank bisects this cutaway portion of the cylinder head skirt, whereby certain important advantages are obtained, as will appear hereinafter.

Other advantages gained by this construction of the head are: increased port opening for both inlet and exhaust with a minimum reciprocation of the sleeve valve; the formation of an unbalanced lateral pressure owing to the said cut away portion of the cylinder head skirt. the etfect of which is. during the compression and power strokes, to press the sleeve valve tightly against the cylinder wall on the side of the inlet and exhaust ports and against the skirt of the Ahead on the opposite side, thereby effectively sealing the cylinder head against leakage within the sleeve; this renders the provision of packing rings in the head unnecessary; an

increased. turbulence of the gases enter,

ing the combustion chamber. owing to the position of the inlet port tangential to and partially within the combustion chamber of the head; a reduction of the tendency to detonation` owing to the increased turbulence of the charge in the chamber; and the prevention of fouling of the spark plug, owing to its position inthe path of both the exhaust and inlet gases, the former burning oi any oil that may collect on the plug and the latter serving to cool the plug.

These advantages inherent to the construction will be apparent from the following detailed description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which,

Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section through the head end of a cylinder equipped with my invention;

Figure 2 is a cross-section of the same taken on line m-- of Figure 1, and

Figure 3 is a development in a. plane ot the upper part of the cylinder wall containing the inlet and exhaust ports, showing, in full lines, the bottom line of the skirt of the head and, in dotted lines` the sleeve valve port and its path of travel; the inletand exhaust 4ports in the cylinder wall appearing half in full lines and half in dotted lines. a

In the embodiment of my invention illustrated in these views, the cylinder Wall 1 is provided with an inlet port 2 and an ex' haust port 3, lying in the same transverse planes adjacent to the head end of the cylinder. The detachable cylinder head 4 has a hemispherical recess 5 in its inner side, which forms the combustion chamber, and a skirt 6, which extends intol the end of the cylinder within the end of the sleeve valve 7, which has a single port 8, arranged to come successively in coincidence with the ports 2 and 3 as the valve rotates. The valve has also a longitudinal or reciprocating motion, and derives its said motions' through similar means to that shown in my aforesaid patents, as by the worm 11 and spiral worm wheel 12, or by an other Suitable means. The lower edge o the wall of the skirt 6 is notched or cut away, as shown at 9, on the side facing the ports 2 and 3, the purpose and result of which construction has been fully set forth above.

In the developed diagram, Fi 3, line 9 indicates the bottom edge of t e cylinder head `skirt, and dotted line 10 the path of travel of the valve port 8 in one rotation of the valve. While I have shown and described the cut-away portion of the skirt as rectangular in contour, and the inlet .and exhaust ports as lying in the same horizontal planes, such construction is not essential to my invention, as expressed in the appended claims.

Itis to be noted that the central plane of revolution of thecrank 14, and of oscillation of the connecting rod 13, bisects the cut-away portion of the cylinder head skirt. This is an essential feature of the invention, since it enables advantage to be taken of the side thrust of the piston to counteract, at certain times and to a certain degree, the unbalanced side pressure of the charge, due to said cutaway ortion.

In the compression stroke of the piston, its side thrust acts to press the sleeve against the ports and againzt the outside of the cylinder head on the other side. As soon as the charge is ignited, the gases of combustion exert a side pressure in the saine direction. Thus no leakage is possible at the time of highest gas rassure. As the piston makes its power stro e, its side thrust rapidly increases in the opposite direction and soon counterbalances the unbalanced gas pressure, which is, of course, rapidly decreasing. This relieves the friction on the sleeve, except at the moments when an 'extra tight seal: is required.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

humaan sure, the central plane of rotation of the crank substantially bisectin said cut-away portion, thereby sealing sai cylinder -head Within said sleeve valve against leakage on the compression and power strokes.

2. In an internal combustion engine cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports, a single rotary sleeve valve having one port onl and a cylinder head rovided with a s 'rt projectin into the en of the cylinder and valve, tie side of said skirt adjacent said inlet and exhaust ports having cut away portion to uncover said ports, the central plane of rotation of the crank substantially bisecting said cut-away portion, whereby an unbalanced pressure occurs during the compression and power strokes, which prevents leakage past the skirt of the cylinder head.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a cyl inder having an inlet and an outlet port, a single sleeve valve in said cylinder having a single port, means to rotate and reciprocate said valve, a cylinder head having;r a skirt extending into said valve and being cut way on one side to uncover said cylinder ports, a piston in said valve, and a connecting rod for said piston so arranged that its plane of oscillation bisects said cut-away portion of the skirt.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

RAYMOND WARE. 

